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National Primary Drinking Water Standards
Primary (Health Related) Organic Contaminants
Contaminant	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	WQA Recommended Treatment Methods	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
2,4,5-TP (silvex)	0.05	0.05	Activated Carbon	Liver damage Kidney damage	Herbicide residue Cancelled in 1983
2,4-D	0.07 mg/L	0.07 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Liver damage Kidney damage	Herbicide runoff
Acrylamide	zero	0.0005 mg/L (action level)	Control of water treatment chemicals and surfaces in contact with water	Cancer Nervous system effects	Polymers used in sewage/waste water treatment
Adipates (diethylhexyl)	0.4 mg/L	0.4 mg/L	Activated Carbon Air Stripping	Decreased body weight Reproductive difficulties	Leaching from PVC plumbing systems Discharge from chemical factories
Alachlor	zero	0.002 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Eye, liver, kidney or spleen problems Anemia Increased risk of cancer	Runoff from herbicide on row crops
Atrazine	0.003 mg/L	0.003 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Cardiovascular system problems Reproductive difficulties Mammary gland tumors	Runoff from herbicide used on row crops
Benzene	zero	0.005 mg/L	Activated Carbon Air Stripping	Cancer	Some foods Gas, drugs, pesticide, paint, plastic industries
Benzo(a)pyrene PAH	zero	0.0002 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Cancer Reproductive difficulties	Coal tar coatings Burning organic matter Volcanoes and fossil fuels
Bromate	zero	0.010 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Ozonation by-product
Carbofuran	0.04 mg/L	0.04 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Problems with blood or nervous systems Reproductive difficulties	Soil fumigant Restricted in some areas
Carbon tetrachloride	zero	0.005 mg/L	Activated Carbon Air Stripping	Cancer Liver problems	Solvents and their degradation products
Chlordane	zero	0.002 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Cancer Liver problems Nervous system problems	Leaching from soil treatment for termites
Chlorite	0.8 mg/L	1.0 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Developmental neurotoxicity Red blood cell effects	Chlorine dioxide by-product
Chlorobenzene	0.1 mg/L	0.1 mg/L	Activated Carbon Air Stripping	Nervous system problems Kidney problems Liver problems	Waste solvent from metal degreasing processes
Dalapon	0.2 mg/L	0.2 mg/L	Activated Carbon	Kidney effects	Runoff from herbicide
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)	zero	0.0002 mg/L	Activated Carbon Air Stripping	Cancer	Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant
Dichlorobenzene (ortho-)	0.6 mg/L	0.6 mg/L	Activated Carbon Air Stripping	Kidney problems Liver problems Blood cell damage	Paints Engine cleaning compounds Dyes Chemical wastes
Dichlorobenzene (para-)	0.075 mg/L	0.075 mg/L	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Cancer	Room and water deodorants and "mothballs"
Dichloroethane (1,2-)	zero	0.005	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Cancer	Leaded gas, fumigants, paints
Dichloroethylene (1,1-)	0.007	0.007	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Cancer, liver and kidney effects	Plastics, dyes, perfumes, paints
Dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-)	0.07	0.07	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney, nervous, circulatory system effects	Waste industrial extraction solvents
Dichloroethylene (trans-1,2-)	0.1	0.1	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney, nervous, circulatory system effects	Waste industrial extraction solvents
dichloromethane (methylene chloride)	zero	0.005	Air Stripping	Cancer	Paint stripper, metal degreaser, propellant, extractant
Dichloropropane (1,2-)	zero	0.005	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney effects; cancer	Soil fumigant; waste industrial solvents
Diethylhexyl phathalate	zero	0.006	Activated Carbon	Cancer	PVC and other plastics
Dinoseb	0.007	0.007	Activated Carbon	Thyroid, reproductive organ damage	runoff of herbicide from crop and noncrop applications
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)	zero	0.00000003	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Chemical production by-product; impurity in herbicides
Diquat	0.02	0.02	Activated Carbon	Liver, kidney, eye effects	Runoff of herbicide on land and aquatic weeds
Endothall	0.1	0.1	Activated Carbon	Liver, kidney, gastrointestinal effects	Herbicide on crops, land/aquatic weeds; rapidly degraded
Endrin	0.002	0.002	Activated Carbon	Liver, kidney, heart damage	Pesticide on insects, rodents, birds; restricted since 1980
Epichlorohydrin	zero	0.002 (action level)	Control of water treatment chemicals and surfaces in contact with water	Cancer	Water treatment chemicals; waste epoxy resins, coatings
Ethylbenzene	0.7	0.7	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney, nervous system effects	Gasoline; insecticides; chemical manufacturing wastes
Ethylene dibromide (EDB)	zero	0.00005	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Cancer	Leaded gas additives; leaching of soil fumigant
Glyphosate	0.7	0.7	Activated Carbon Oxidation	Liver, kidney damage	Herbicide on grasses, weeds, brush
Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)	zero	0.060 (stage 1) (0.050 P*)	Activated Carbon	Cancer and other effects	Drinking water chlorination by-products
Heptachlor	zero	0.0004	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Leaching of insecticide for termites, very few crops
Heptachlor epoxide	zero	0.0002	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Biodegradation of heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene	zero	0.001	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Pesticide production waste by-product
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene (HEX)	0.05	0.05	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Kidney, stomach damage	Pesticide production intermediate
Lindane	0.0002	0.0002	Activated Carbon	Liver, kidney, nervous system, immune system, and circulatory system effects	Insecticide on cattle, lumber, gardens; restricted in 1983
Methoxychlor	0.04	0.04	Activated Carbon	Growth, liver, kidney, and nervous system effects	Insecticide for fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock, pets
Oxamyl (vydate)	0.2	0.2	Activated Carbon	Kidney damage	Insecticide on apples, potatoes, tomatoes
PCBs (Polychlorinated byphenlys)	zero	0.0005	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Coolant oils from electrical transformers; plasticizers
Pentachlorophenol	zero	0.001	Activated Carbon	Cancer; liver and kidney effects	Wood preservatives, herbicides, cooling tower wastes
Picloram	0.5	0.5	Activated Carbon	Kidney, liver damage	Herbicide on broadleaf and woody plants
Simazine	0.004	0.004	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Herbicide on grass sod, some crops, aquatic algae
Styrene	0.1	0.1	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, nervous system	Plastics, rubber, resin, drug damage industries; leachate from city landfills
Tetrachloroethylene (PCE)	zero	0.005	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Cancer	Improper disposal of dry cleaning and other solvents
Toluene	1	1	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney, nervous system and circulatory system effects	Gasoline additive; manufacturing and solvent operations
Toxaphene	zero	0.003	Activated Carbon	Cancer	Insecticide on cattle, cotton, soybeans; cancelled in 1982
Trichlorobenzene (1,2,4)	0.07	0.07	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney damage	Herbicide production; dye carrier
Trichloroethane (1,1,1-)	0.2	0.2	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, nervous system effects	Adhesives, aerosols. textiles, paints, inks, metal degreasers
Trichloroethane (1,1,2-)	0.003	0.005	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Kidney, liver, nervous system damage	Solvent in rubber, other organic products; chemical production wastes
Trichloroethylene (TCE)	zero	0.005	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Cancer	Textiles, adhesives and metal degreasers
Trihalomethanes (THMs) - Total	zero	0.080 (stage 1) (0.040 P*)	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping; Ultrafiltration(20%-90%); Reverse Osmosis(20%-90%)	Cancer and other effects	Drinking water chlorination by-products
Vinyl chloride	zero	0.002	Air Stripping	Cancer	May leach from PVC pipe; formed by solvent breakdown
Xylenes (total)	10	10	Activated Carbon; Air Stripping	Liver, kidney, nervous system effects	By-product of gasoline refining; paints, inks detergents

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